Published on: 2025/01/16
The weather patterns in Argentina are heavily influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, which alternates between two opposing phases: El Niño (warm phase) and La Niña (cold phase), and these global climate drivers play a pivotal role in shaping the country’s agricultural outcomes, particularly for soybeans, which are Argentina’s most significant crop export.
As of recent seasons, ENSO's impact on Argentinian soybean production has been a critical focus for farmers, traders, and policymakers alike, as these weather patterns significantly influence the crop's development and the broader agricultural landscape.
La Niña is characterized by cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, disrupting atmospheric circulation, and for Argentina, this often translates into below-average rainfall during the soybean growing season, particularly in key agricultural provinces like Córdoba, Santa Fe, and Buenos Aires.
Key Impacts of La Niña on Soybean
But it's not just that. The time evolution of ENSO matters as well: Beyond Weather scientists showed that the biggest harvest impacts occur when La Nina persists for several years in a row (source).
El Niño, on the other hand, is marked by warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures in the Pacific, which tends to bring wetter-than-usual conditions to much of Argentina.
Key Impacts of El Niño on Soybean
The influence of La Niña and El Niño on Argentinian soybean production is strong but the interactions are more complex than outlined above. This is where AI comes in. With our AI-based, long-range weather and crop forecasts, the agricultural sector can better navigate these challenges and harness opportunities presented by these global climatic phenomena.
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